In this chapter, we review literature that examines the association among physical activity,
aerobic fitness, cognition, and the brain in elementary school children (ages 7–10 years) …

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating disorder. However, existing
neuroimaging findings involving executive function and structural abnormalities in OCD …

Aerobic fitness has been found to play a positive role in brain and cognitive health of
children. Yet, many of the neural biomarkers related to aerobic fitness remain unknown …

Developmental dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis.
Previous studies observed white matter alterations in the left posterior brain regions in adults …

Despite the known importance of sleep for brain development, and the sharp increase in
poor sleep during adolescence, we know relatively little about how sleep impacts the …

Rationale Marijuana (MJ) use continues to rise, and as the perceived risk of using MJ
approaches an all-time historic low, initiation of MJ use is occurring at even younger ages …

Children are becoming increasingly inactive, unfit, and overweight, yet there is relatively little
causal evidence regarding the effects of physical activity on brain health during childhood …

Cognitive control modulates other cognitive functions to achieve internal goals and is
important for adaptive behavior. Cognitive control is enabled by the neural computations …

Executive function (EF) refers to the set of cognitive processes involved in the self-regulation
of emotion and goal-directed behavior. These skills and the brain systems that support them …

Physical activity and exercise beneficially link to brain properties and cognitive functions in
older adults, but the findings concerning adolescents remain tentative. During adolescence …