In humans, the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are synthesized in the thyroid gland in a
process that crucially involves the iodoglycoprotein thyroglobulin. The overall structure of …

Abstract The Na+/I− symporter (NIS) is the plasma membrane glycoprotein that mediates
active I− transport in the thyroid and other tissues, such as salivary glands, stomach …

Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by
analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction …

This article reviews the thyroid system, mainly from a mammalian standpoint. However, the
thyroid system is highly conserved among vertebrate species, so the general information on …

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a vertebrate secretory protein synthesized in the thyrocyte endoplasmic
reticulum (ER), where it acquires N-linked glycosylation and conformational maturation …

Background There is increasing evidence in humans and in experimental animals for a
relationship between exposure to specific environmental chemicals and perturbations in …

The sequencing of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome provides a unique
opportunity to investigate the function and evolution of neural genes. The neurobiology of …

Echinoderms are a common component of benthic marine ecosystems, with many being
ecologically and/or economically important. Like many marine organisms, most …

Heterochrony, defined as a change in the timing of developmental events altering the course
of evolution, was first recognized by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Haeckel's original definition was …

Thyroid hormones (THs) are small, lipophilic signaling molecules built from tyrosine and
iodine. TH action is well characterized in vertebrates, where these molecules play a …