Intercellular communication is a key feature of cancer progression and metastasis.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generated by all cells, including cancer cells, and recent …

Extracellular vesicles have emerged as prominent regulators of the immune response
during tumor progression. EVs contain a diverse repertoire of molecular cargo that plays a …

One of the defining characteristics of a pre-metastatic niche, a fundamental requirement for
primary tumor metastasis, is infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages. How these …

Exosomes have a crucial role in intercellular communication and mediate interactions
between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Exosome-encapsulated …

Tumor cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can function as mediators of
intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. EVs contain a host of bioactive …

Metastasis, a critical phase of tumor progression, remains a primary challenge in treating
cancer and a major cause of cancer mortality. Cell-cell communication via extracellular …

Metabolic reprogramming is reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer, which is an
adaptive mechanism by which fast-growing cancer cells adapt to their increasing energy …

Simple Summary The tumor immune escape mechanisms are key factors in cancer
progression and metastasis. They are an undeniable hurdle for successful cancer treatment …

Intercellular communication is a critical process that ensures cooperation between distinct
cell types and maintains homeostasis. EVs, which were initially described as cellular debris …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-
ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable …