Mineral dust aerosols impact the energy budget of Earth through interactions with radiation,
clouds, atmospheric chemistry, the cryosphere and biogeochemistry. In this Review, we …

Mixed-phase clouds represent a three-phase colloidal system consisting of water vapor, ice
particles, and coexisting supercooled liquid droplets. Mixed-phase clouds are ubiquitous in …

We evaluate modelled Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) near-surface climate, surface mass balance
(SMB) and surface energy balance (SEB) from the updated polar version of the regional …

The equilibrium climate sensitivity of Earth is defined as the global mean surface air
temperature increase that follows a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. For decades …

Ice nucleation in the atmosphere influences cloud properties, altering precipitation and the
radiative balance, ultimately regulating Earth's climate. An accepted ice nucleation pathway …

Underestimation of the proportion of supercooled liquid in mixed‐phase clouds in climate
models has called into question its impact on Arctic climate change. We show that correcting …

Clouds are the main source of uncertainties when projecting climate change. Mixed-phase
clouds that contain ice and supercooled-liquid particles are especially hard to constrain, and …

Tropical cirrus clouds, ie, any type of ice cloud with tops above 400 hPa, play a critical role in
the climate system and are a major source of uncertainty in our understanding of global …

Abstract Over the Southern Ocean (SO, 40° S–70° S), climate models have consistently
underestimated solar reflection. Here we evaluate the relationship between cloud profiles …

Clouds and aerosols provide the greatest uncertainty in estimating and interpreting Earth's
energy budget. This study not only focuses on surface brightening/dimming, but also …