Background The development and dispersal of seeds as well as their transition to seedlings
represent perhaps the most critical stages of a plant's life cycle. The endophytic and …

Seed dispersal is a key process in plant communities and frugivory is very important in
vertebrate communities. This paper updates a review of frugivory and seed dispersal by …

An organism's ability to disperse influences many fundamental processes, from speciation
and geographical range expansion to community assembly. However, the patterns and …

For many species, human-induced environmental changes are important indirect drivers of
range expansion into new regions. We argue that it is important to distinguish the range …

Mean surface temperatures have increased globally by~ 0.7 C per century since 1900 and
0.16 C per decade since 1970 (Levinson and Fettig 2014). Most of this warming is believed …

Climate change is forcing the redistribution of life on Earth at an unprecedented velocity,.
Migratory birds are thought to help plants to track climate change through long-distance …

Propagule dispersal beyond local scales has been considered rare and unpredictable.
However, for many plants, invertebrates, and microbes dispersed by birds, long-distance …

Research in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and
conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and …

Island biogeography is the study of the distribution and dynamics of species in island
environments. Due to their isolation from more widespread continental species, islands are …

Island biogeography is the study of the spatio‐temporal distribution of species, communities,
assemblages or ecosystems on islands and other isolated habitats. Island diversity is …