Synthetic genomics is the construction of viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic cells with
synthetic genomes. It involves two basic processes: synthesis of complete genomes or …

The genetic code—the language used by cells to translate their genomes into proteins that
perform many cellular functions—is highly conserved throughout natural life. Rewriting the …

Cell-free protein synthesis has emerged as a powerful approach for expanding the range of
genetically encoded chemistry into proteins. Unfortunately, efforts to site-specifically …

Efforts are underway to construct several recoded genomes anticipated to exhibit multivirus
resistance, enhanced nonstandard amino acid (nsAA) incorporation, and capability for …

Light is essential for various biochemical processes in all domains of life. In its presence
certain proteins inside a cell are excited, which either stimulates or inhibits subsequent …

Ribosomes are often used in synthetic biology as a tool to produce desired proteins with
enhanced properties or entirely new functions. However, repurposing ribosomes for …

Metabolic engineering requires multiple rounds of strain construction to evaluate alternative
pathways and enzyme concentrations. Optimizing multigene pathways stepwise or by …

Incorporation of the rare amino acid selenocysteine to form diselenide bonds can improve
stability and function of synthetic peptide therapeutics. However, application of this approach …

We report that the recently introduced commercial strain of Vibrio natriegens (Vmax X2)
supports robust unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, generating exceptional yields of soluble …

Site-specific noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) mutagenesis in living cells has traditionally
relied on heterologous, nonsense-suppressing aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS)/tRNA …