After reviewing the ideal Bose-Einstein gas in a box and in a harmonic trap, the effect of
interactions on the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate are discussed, along with the …

Bose-Einstein condensation, or BEC, has a long and rich history dating from the early
1920s. In this article we will trace briefly over this history and some of the developments in …

Since an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, predicted by Einstein in 1925, was first
produced in the laboratory in 1995, the study of ultracold Bose and Fermi gases has become …

We have created spatial dark solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in
which the soliton exists in one of the condensate components and the soliton nodal plane is …

We review the theory of vortices in trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensates and compare
theoretical predictions with existing experiments. Mean-field theory based on the time …

A comparative review is given of some well-known and some recent results obtained in
studies of two-and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) solitons, with emphasis on states carrying …

We report experimental observations and numerical simulations of the formation, dynamics,
and lifetimes of single and multiply charged quantized vortex dipoles in highly oblate dilute …

The phenomenon of Bose–Einstein condensation is a phase transition originally predicted
by Bose and Einstein in 1924. In particular, it was shown that below a critical temperature T …

We have developed an evaporative cooling technique that accelerates the rotation of an
ultracold R 87 b gas, confined in a static harmonic potential. As a normal gas is …

The aim of this review is to introduce the reader to some of the physical notions and the
mathematical methods that are relevant to the study of nonlinear waves in Bose–Einstein …