The medial frontal cortex and adjacent orbitofrontal cortex have been the focus of
investigations of decision-making, behavioral flexibility, and social behavior. We review …

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) holds great potential as a tool to alter neural
circuits non-invasively in both animals and humans. In contrast to established non-invasive …

Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is an emerging non-invasive
technique for focally modulating human brain function. The mechanisms and neurochemical …

The causal role of an area within a neural network can be determined by interfering with its
activity and measuring the impact. Many current reversible manipulation techniques have …

To understand brain circuits it is necessary both to record and manipulate their activity.
Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a promising non-invasive brain stimulation …

Focused ultrasound can non-invasively modulate neural activity, but whether effective
stimulation parameters generalize across brain regions and cell types remains unknown …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) supports decision-making, goal tracking, and planning. Spatial
navigation is a behavior that taxes these cognitive processes, yet the role of the PFC in …

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) is a brain
area subject to many theories and debates over its function (s). Even its precise anatomical …

Stop** an inappropriate response requires the involvement of the prefrontal-subthalamic
hyperdirect pathway. However, how the prefrontal-striatal indirect pathway contributes to …

The brain mechanism for controlling continuous behavior in dynamic contexts must mediate
action selection and learning across many timescales, responding differentially to the level …