Contemporary studies have completely changed the view of brain immunity from envisioning
the brain as isolated and inaccessible to peripheral immune cells to an organ in close …

Epidemiological evidence implicates maternal infection as a risk factor for autism spectrum
disorder and schizophrenia. Animal models corroborate this link and demonstrate that …

INTRODUCTION Our understanding of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders,
including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and bipolar disorder (BD) …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder that affects one
in 45 children in the United States, with a similarly striking prevalence in countries around …

Chorioamnionitis or intrauterine inflammation is a frequent cause of preterm birth.
Chorioamnionitis can affect almost every organ of the develo** fetus. Multiple microbes …

Inflammation is increasingly recognized as being a critical contributor to both normal
development and injury outcome in the immature brain. The focus of this Review is to …

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and pregnancies in obese mothers have
increased risk for complications including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders …

Maternal immune activation (MIA) in response to a viral infection during early and mid-
gestation has been linked through various epidemiological studies to a higher risk for the …

Importance The developmental origins of mental illness are incompletely understood.
Although the development of autism and schizophrenia are linked to infections during fetal …

Neurodevelopmental programming—the implementation of the genetic and epigenetic
blueprints that guide and coordinate normal brain development—requires tight regulation of …