Adipose tissue, which is primarily composed of adipocytes, is crucial for maintaining energy
and metabolic homeostasis. Adipogenesis is thought to occur in two stages: commitment of …

Diabetes mellitus exerts metabolic stress on cells and it provokes a chronic increase in the
long-term activity of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis, perhaps thereby …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in the elderly, in whom it carries a more
substantial burden of hepatic (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular …

Obesity is recognized as a worldwide health crisis. Obesity and its associated health
complications such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases …

Recent findings about cell fate change induced by physical stimuli have expedited the
discovery of underlying regulatory mechanisms that determine stem cell differentiation …

Cell culture models have been developed to study commitment and subsequent
differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 commits …

The family of mammalian Sirtuin proteins comprises seven members homologous to yeast
Sir2. Here we show that SIRT2, a cytoplasmic sirtuin, is the most abundant sirtuin in …

Obesity is accompanied by an increase in both adipocyte number and size. The increase in
adipocyte number is the result of recruitment to the adipocyte lineage of pluripotent stem …

Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell
signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems …

The NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are
transcription factors controlling pathways modulating xenobiotic metabolism. AHR has …