Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex condition with a prevalence of 10–15%
worldwide. An inverse-graded relationship exists between cardiovascular events and …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of the death in dialysis patients. Arteriovenous
fistulas (AVFs) are associated with lower mortality and are viewed as the desired access …

Background. Satisfactory haemodialysis (HD) vascular access flow (Qa) is necessary for
dialysis adequacy. High Qa is postulated to increase cardiac output (CO) and cause high …

Aims Short-term studies have reported left ventricular (LV) dilatation following surgical
creation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) or arteriovenous grafts (AVGs), but chronic cardiac …

We propose different potential mechanisms as explanations for the development of
pulmonary hypertension. Hormonal and metabolic derangement associated with end-stage …

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the preferred type of vascular access, but relatively little is
known regarding their effects on cardiovascular remodeling and cardiac function. The …

The inclusion of an article on hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction in a series on
cardiorenal disease is an interesting paradox. Neointimal hyperplasia, which lies at the …

Although hemodialysis patients who initiate and maintain a permanent form of dialysis
vascular access have improved all-cause and cardiovascular survival compared with those …

Burchell et al Arteriovenous Anastomosis for Hypertension 7 increases venous return. An
increase in right atrial pressure and cardiac volumes thus results in myocardial stretch with …

Background Central arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation is under investigation for treatment
of severe hypertension. We evaluated the effects of AVF for initiation of hemodialysis on …