Functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have perceived massive success in
the area of bio-photonic applications. UCNPs are extensively used as a successful emitter in …

FÖrster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors have achieved great success
for biological applications. However, what is not extensively appreciated is the growing role …

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with sizes ranging from 30–150 nanometers that
contain proteins, lipids, mRNAs, microRNAs, and double-stranded DNA derived from the …

In the last decade, upconversion and downconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs and DCNPs)
have exhibited attractive unique optical properties and are used in various fields, including …

Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial drug with the ubiquitous presence in foodstuff that
effectively applied to treat the diseases and promote the animal growth worldwide …

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), characterized by converting low-
energy excitation to high-energy emission, have attracted considerable interest due to their …

The serious threats of mercury (Hg 2+) and lead (Pb 2+) ions for the public health makes it
important to achieve the detection methods of the ions with high affinity and specificity. Metal …

Considering DNA-based homogeneous electrochemical assay allows identification of
targets to be carried out in a homogeneous solution, it would be of significance to develop …

Near-infrared-excited upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have multicolor emissions, a
low auto-fluorescence background, a high chemical stability, and a long fluorescence …

Optical biosensors show attractive performance in medical sensing in the event of using
different nanoparticles in their design. Owing to their unique optical characteristics and …