Ocean current is one of the major drivers of water mass, energy, and biogeochemical cycles
in the global ocean–atmosphere boundary layer and also a key variable in the formation of …

Marine heatwaves are extreme warm water events that can cause devastating impacts on
ecosystems and have complex socio-economic ramifications. Surface signals and drivers of …

We present an unprecedented set of high‐resolution climate simulations, consisting of a 500‐
year pre‐industrial control simulation and a 250‐year historical and future climate simulation …

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are prolonged extreme warm water events in the ocean, exerting
devastating impacts on marine ecosystems. A comprehensive knowledge of physical …

Phytoplankton biomass exhibits substantial year-to-year changes, and understanding these
changes is crucial to fisheries management and projecting future climate. These annual …

The irregular ocean environment brings difficulties to observation and affects the movement
state of underwater vehicles. Multisource information fusion can provide more reliable …

We present results from a new, global, high‐resolution (∼ 3‐km for ocean and∼ 6‐km for
atmosphere) realistic earth system simulation. This simulation allows us to examine aspects …

The western boundary currents are characterized by narrow, intense ocean jets and are
among the most energetic phenomena in the world ocean. The importance of the western …

Tropical instability waves (TIWs) are oceanic features that form around the equatorial Pacific
cold tongue and influence the large-scale circulation and coupled climate variability …

Sea surface temperature (SST) in the subpolar North Atlantic has significantly decreased at
a rate of− 0.39 (±0.23) K/century during 1900–2020, which runs counter to global warming …