Videos represent the primary source of information for surveillance applications. Video
material is often available in large quantities but in most cases it contains little or no …

Predictive coding theories posit that the perceptual system is structured as a hierarchically
organized set of generative models with increasingly general models at higher levels. The …

A central goal in theoretical neuroscience is to predict the response properties of sensory
neurons from first principles. To this end,“efficient coding” posits that sensory neurons …

Visual neurons respond selectively to features that become increasingly complex from the
eyes to the cortex. Retinal neurons prefer flashing spots of light, primary visual cortical (V1) …

Neurons in sensory cortex are tuned to diverse features in natural scenes. But what
determines which features neurons become selective to? Here we explore the idea that …

Emotions are often encountered in a multimodal fashion. Consequently, contextual framing
by other modalities can alter the way that an emotional facial expression is perceived and …

Markov chains are a class of probabilistic models that have achieved widespread
application in the quantitative sciences. This is in part due to their versatility, but is …

Signal processing in the cerebral cortex is thought to involve a common multi-purpose
algorithm embodied in a canonical cortical micro-circuit that is replicated many times over …

While it is universally accepted that the brain makes predictions, there is little agreement
about how this is accomplished and under which conditions. Accurate prediction requires …

Traditional communication of research on climate change fails to encourage individual,
corporate, and political leaders to take appropriate action. We argue that this problem is …