The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components
of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level. Plant growth …

Crop performance is severely affected by high salt concentrations in soils. To engineer more
salt-tolerant plants it is crucial to unravel the key components of the plant salt-tolerance …

Plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment to which they have to adjust
accordingly. Their response is tightly regulated by complex signaling pathways that all start …

Ca2+ signals are a core regulator of plant cell physiology and cellular responses to the
environment. The channels, pumps, and carriers that underlie Ca2+ homeostasis provide …

Ca2+ signals are core transducers and regulators in many adaptation and developmental
processes of plants. Ca2+ signals are represented by stimulus-specific signatures that result …

Abiotic and biotic stresses are major limiting factors of crop yields and cause billions of
dollars of losses annually around the world. It is hoped that understanding at the molecular …

Soil and water salinity substantially constrain crop and biomass production. Research over
the last two plus decades, facilitated by advances in molecular genetics and biotechnology …

Saline-alkali soils pose an increasingly serious global threat to plant growth and
productivity. Much progress has been made in elucidating how plants adapt to salt stress by …

Soil composition largely defines the living conditions of plants and represents one of their
most relevant, dynamic, and complex environmental cues. The effective concentrations of …

In plants dehydration imposed by salinity can invoke physical changes at the interface of the
plasma membrane and cell wall. Changes in hydrostatic pressure activate ion channels and …