BACKGROUND Years ago, Lev Landau taught us how to think about distinct phases of
matter through an order parameter that characterizes the symmetry-broken state relative to …

Spin liquids are collective phases of quantum matter that have eluded discovery in
correlated magnetic materials for over half a century. Theoretical models of these enigmatic …

A key feature of quantum spin liquids is the predicted formation of fractionalized excitations.
They are expected to produce changes in the physical response, providing a way to observe …

Half-integer thermal quantum Hall conductance has recently been reported for the two-
dimensional honeycomb material α-RuCl3. We found that the half-integer thermal Hall …

A Majorana fermion is a fermionic particle that is its own antiparticle. Since the theoretical
discovery by Ettore Majorana in 1937, the exotic particle has long been searched in particle …

The material α-RuCl 3 has been the subject of intense scrutiny as a potential Kitaev
quantum spin liquid, predicted to display Majorana fermions as low-energy excitations. In …

The nature of the pseudogap phase of cuprates remains a major puzzle,. One of its
signatures is a large negative thermal Hall conductivity, whose origin is as yet unknown …

Over the past decade, there have been considerable efforts to observe non-abelian
quasiparticles in novel quantum materials and devices. These efforts are motivated by the …

In transition-metal compounds with partially filled 4 d and 5 d shells spin–orbit
entanglement, electronic correlations, and crystal-field effects conspire to give rise to a …

Elementary excitations in entangled states such as quantum spin liquids may exhibit exotic
statistics different from those obeyed by fundamental bosons and fermions. Non-Abelian …