Simple Summary There is a rising demand for food security in the face of threats posed by a
growing human population. Bees as an insect play a crucial role in crop pollination …

Multiple stressors threaten bee health, a major one being pesticides. Bees are
simultaneously exposed to multiple pesticides that can cause both lethal and sublethal …

Over the past decade, in some regions of the world, honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies
have experienced rates of colony loss that are difficult for beekeepers to sustain. The …

The relationship between pesticides and pollinators, while attracting no shortage of attention
from scientists, regulators, and the public, has proven resistant to scientific synthesis and …

The honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) is an important pollinator and a model for pesticide effects
on insect pollinators. The effects of agricultural pesticides on honeybee health have …

Neonicotinoid insecticides have been signaled as an important driver of widespread
declines in bee diversity and abundance. Neonicotinoids were registered in the 1990s and …

Sustainable agriculture relies on pollinators, and wild bees benefit yield of multiple crops.
However, the combined exposure to pesticides and loss of flower resources, driven by …