In recent years there has been much progress in our understanding of the phylogeny and
evolution of ticks, in particular the hard ticks (Ixodidae). Indeed, a consensus about the …

Mitochondria are subcellular organelles in which oxidative phosphorylation and other
important biochemical functions take place within the cell. Within these organelles is a …

The tree of life of fishes is in a state of flux because we still lack a comprehensive phylogeny
that includes all major groups. The situation is most critical for a large clade of spiny-finned …

The Dual Organellar GenoMe Annotator (DOGMA) automates the annotation of organellar
(plant chloroplast and animal mitochondrial) genomes. It is a Web-based package that …

Reliable recovery of the 5′ region of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene is critical for
the ongoing effort to gather DNA barcodes for all fish species. In this study, we develop and …

Classification of the tremendous diversity of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) began with the
designation of taxonomic groups on the basis of morphological similarity. Starting in the late …

A recent preliminary study using complete mitochondrial DNA sequences from 48 species of
teleosts has suggested that higher teleostean phylogenies should be reinvestigated on the …

Fishes of the order Cypriniformes are almost completely restricted to freshwater bodies and
number> 3400 species placed in 5 families, each with poorly defined subfamilies and/or …

Although much progress has been made recently in teleostean phylogeny, relationships
among the main lineages of the higher teleosts (Acanthomorpha), containing more than …

The discovery of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized experimental biology. Whereas the
majority of fluorescent proteins have been identified from cnidarians, recently several …