The Asian monsoons are triggered by complex interactions between the atmosphere, Asian
and African orography, and the surrounding oceans, resulting in highly seasonal climate …

Pioneer naturalists such as Whewell, Lyell, Humboldt, Darwin and Wallace acknowledged
the interactions between ecological and evolutionary forces, as well as the roles of …

Despite the paramount role of plant diversity for ecosystem functioning, biogeochemical
cycles, and human welfare, knowledge of its global distribution is still incomplete, hampering …

Far from a uniform band, the biodiversity found across Earth's tropical moist forests varies
widely between the high diversity of the Neotropics and Indomalaya and the relatively lower …

Understanding the origins of biodiversity has been an aspiration since the days of early
naturalists. The immense complexity of ecological, evolutionary, and spatial processes …

The drivers of the evolution of the South Asian Monsoon remain widely debated. An
intensification of monsoonal rainfall recorded in terrestrial and marine sediment archives …

Faced with environmental changes, plants may either move to track their ancestral niches or
evolve to adapt to new niches. Vitaceae, the grape family, has evolved diverse adaptive …

The assembly of Africa's iconic C4 grassland ecosystems is central to evolutionary
interpretations of many mammal lineages, including hominins. C4 grasses are thought to …

Differences in species diversity over continental scales represent imprints of evolutionary,
ecological, and biogeographic events. Here, we investigate whether the higher tree species …

Living hominoids are distinguished by upright torsos and versatile locomotion. It is
hypothesized that these features evolved for feeding on fruit from terminal branches in …