The calcium ion (Ca2+) is the simplest and most versatile intracellular messenger known.
The discovery of Ca2+ sparks and a related family of elementary Ca2+ signaling events has …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest single intracellular organelle, which is present
in all types of nerve cells. The ER is an interconnected, internally continuous system of …

Evoked transmitter release depends upon calcium influx into synaptic boutons, but
mechanisms regulating bouton calcium levels and spontaneous transmitter release are …

In addition to its familiar role as a component of metalloproteins, zinc is also sequestered in
the presynaptic vesicles of a specialized type of neurons calledzinc-containing'neurons …

Intracellular Ca 2+ release is controlled by inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP 3) receptors or
ryanodine receptors. These receptors are typically distributed in clusters with several or tens …

We recently demonstrated that elevation of intracellular glucosylceramide (GlcCer) levels
results in increased functional Ca 2+ stores in cultured neurons, and suggested that this may …

Ca2+ microdomains that form during the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels have
been implicated in regulating the kinetics of hormone and transmitter release. Direct …

Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) mediated by sarcoplasmic reticulum resident ryanodine
receptors (RyRs) has been well described in cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle. In brain …

Different intracellular pools participate in generating Ca2+ signals in neuronal cells and in
sha** their spatio-temporal patterns. They include the endoplasmic reticulum (endowed …

Katz and co-workers showed that Ca2+ triggers exocytosis. The existence of sub-micrometer
domains of greater than 100μM [Ca2+] i was postulated on theoretical grounds. Using a …