In the tropical stratosphere, deep layers of eastward and westward winds encircle the globe
and descend regularly from the upper stratosphere to the tropical tropopause. With a …

The 2019 Southern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex Weakening and Its Impacts in:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Volume 102 Issue 6 (2021) Jump to Content …

Gravity waves play a significant role in driving the semiannual oscillation (SAO) of the zonal
wind in the tropics. However, detailed knowledge of this forcing is missing, and direct …

The representation of the semi‐annual oscillation (SAO) in climate models shows a common
easterly bias of several tens of metres per second compared to observations. These biases …

We have analyzed near-global stratospheric data (and mesospheric data as well for H 2 O)
in terms of absolute abundances, variability, and trends for O 3, H 2 O, HCl, N 2 O, and HNO …

The semiannual oscillation (SAO) in zonally averaged zonal winds develops just above the
quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and dominates the seasonal variability in the tropical upper …

In this study, observational and model datasets are used to analyze winter precipitation and
its leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF1) mode over Southeast China. EOF1 displays …

Possible sources of the observed modulation of the tropical Madden‐Julian oscillation
(MJO) by the stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) and the 11‐year solar cycle are …

The influence of the Semi‐Annual Oscillation (SAO) on the timing and evolution of major
sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) is examined using the 2008/2009 SSW as the …

Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are dynamically important, strongly ascending and mostly
stratiform cloud-forming airstreams in extratropical cyclones. Despite the predominantly …