Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the key technology driving an energy-efficient and
cost-effective desalination process. At the center of this technology are the thin film …

The utilization of seawater for drinking purposes is limited by the high specific energy
consumption (SEC)(kW-h/m 3) of present desalination technologies; both thermal and …

Energy-efficient desalination and water treatment technologies play a critical role in
augmenting freshwater resources without placing an excessive strain on limited energy …

Globally, reverse osmosis desalination systems are widely utilized as they have the
cheapest freshwater production cost. On the contrary, reverse osmosis systems have high …

Abstract Background The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries are rapidly
growing in population with very limited access to freshwater resources. To overcome this …

Solar desalination has emerged as a sustainable solution for addressing global water
scarcity in the energy-water nexus, particularly for remote areas in develo** countries …

Desalination membranes are essential for the treatment of unconventional water sources,
such as seawater and wastewater, to alleviate water scarcity. Promising research efforts on …

Reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) are the two most important membrane
technologies for water desalination and treatment. Their desalination and transport …

Water pollutants have huge impacts on the entire living systems including terrestrial, aquatic,
and aerial flora and fauna. In addition to conventional priority, and newly emerging …

In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-
stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new …