Abstract The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the leading mode of extratropical Southern
Hemisphere climate variability, associated with changes in the strength and position of the …

Surface mass balance (SMB) provides mass input to the surface of the Antarctic and
Greenland Ice Sheets and therefore comprises an important control on ice sheet mass …

Abstract Changes in accumulated snowfall over the Antarctic Ice Sheet have an immediate
and time-delayed impact on global mean sea level. The immediate impact is due to the …

Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have driven and
will continue to drive widespread climate change at the Earth's surface. But surface climate …

There is clear evidence that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is contributing to sea-level rise. In
contrast, West Antarctic temperature changes in recent decades remain uncertain. West …

Antarctica plays a central role in regulating global climatic and oceanographic patterns and
is an integral part of global climate change discussions. The functioning of Antarctica's …

A reconstruction of Antarctic monthly mean near-surface temperatures spanning 1958–2012
is presented. Its primary goal is to take advantage of a recently revised key temperature …

A Review of Antarctic Surface Snow Isotopic Composition: Observations, Atmospheric
Circulation, and Isotopic Modeling in: Journal of Climate Volume 21 Issue 13 (2008) Jump …

Projections of changes in Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) surface mass balance indicate a negative
contribution to sea level because of the expected increase in precipitation due to the higher …

This paper reviews developments in our understanding of the state of the Antarctic and
Southern Ocean climate and its relation to the global climate system over the last few …