Obesity is a triggering factor for diabetes associated with insulin resistance. In individuals
who are obese, higher amounts of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, and pro …

There is significant evidence that, in living systems, free radicals and other reactive oxygen
and nitrogen species play a double role, because they can cause oxidative damage and …

Repeated, episodic bouts of skeletal muscle contraction undertaken frequently as structured
exercise training are a potent stimulus for physiological adaptation in many organs …

Studying the metabolism of immune cells in recent years has emphasized the tight link
existing between the metabolic state and the phenotype of these cells. Macrophages in …

Many complex biological programs are controlled at the level of gene transcription by DNA
binding transcription factors. Recent studies have revealed a novel mode of regulation by …

Maintenance of normal blood glucose levels depends on a complex interplay between the
insulin responsiveness of skeletal muscle and liver and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion …

PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a potent stimulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and
respiration. Since the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the main producer of reactive …

Resveratrol, a polyphenol in red wine, has been reported as a calorie restriction mimetic
with potential antiaging and antidiabetogenic properties. It is widely consumed as a …

As NAD+ is a rate-limiting cosubstrate for the sirtuin enzymes, its modulation is emerging as
a valuable tool to regulate sirtuin function and, consequently, oxidative metabolism. In line …

Metabolic sensors such as AMPK and SIRT1, gatekeepers of the activity of the master
regulator of mitochondria, PGC-1α, are vital links in a regulatory network for metabolic …