Compulsion is a cardinal symptom of drug addiction (severe substance use disorder).
However, compulsion is observed in only a small proportion of individuals who repeatedly …

Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative
affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus− response associations, or a compulsion …

Background Clinical guidelines recommend psychosocial interventions for cocaine and/or
amphetamine addiction as first-line treatment, but it is still unclear which intervention, if any …

Habits are largely absent from modern social and personality psychology. This is due to
outdated perspectives that placed habits in conflict with goals. In modern theorizing, habits …

Can food be addictive? What does it mean to be a food addict? Do common underlying
neurobiological mechanisms contribute to drug and food addiction? These vexing questions …

Here, we review the neural circuit bases of habits, compulsions, and addictions, behaviors
which are all characterized by relatively automatic action performance. We discuss relevant …

Habits are repetitive behaviors that become ingrained with practice, routine, and repetition.
The more we repeat an action, the stronger our habits become. Behavioral and clinical …

Regular drug use can lead to addiction, but not everyone who takes drugs makes this
transition. How exactly drugs of abuse interact with individual vulnerability is not fully …

The persistence of drug taking despite its adverse consequences plays a central role in the
presentation, diagnosis, and impacts of addiction. Eventual recognition and appraisal of …

Most psychiatric disorders do not occur in isolation, and most psychiatric symptom
dimensions are not uniquely expressed within a single diagnostic category. Current …