This review summarizes the current state of the art of statistical and (survey) methodological
research on measurement (non) invariance, which is considered a core challenge for the …

Determining whether people in certain countries score differently in measurements of
interest or whether concepts relate differently to each other across nations can indisputably …

In recent years, scholars have started to measure and explain populism at the micro-level,
as an attitude that individuals hold about politics. Multiple scales have been proposed but …

Diffuse support for democracy, as captured in mass surveys, tends to be treated as
impervious to regime performance. Such a finding is often presented as confirmation of the …

Populist attitudes are generally measured in surveys through three necessary and non-
compensatory elements of populism, namely anti-elitism, people-centrism, and …

Much of what we know about public support for democracy is based on survey questions
about “democracy,” a term that varies in meaning across countries and likely prompts …

Public support has long been thought crucial for the vitality and survival of democracy.
Existing research has argued that democracy also creates its own demand: through early …

A new and updated definitive resource for survey questionnaire testing and evaluation
Building on the success of the first Questionnaire Development, Evaluation, and Testing …

Theories of deliberative and stealth democracy offer different predictions on the relationship
between trust in government and citizen participation. To help resolve the contradictory …

Does ideological polarization undermine or strengthen people's principled support for
democracy? In this study, we suggest that different manifestations of ideological polarization …