▪ Abstract It has long been assumed that sensory neurons are adapted, through both
evolutionary and developmental processes, to the statistical properties of the signals to …

The retina, like many other central nervous system structures, contains a huge diversity of
neuronal types. Mammalian retinas contain approximately 55 distinct cell types, each with a …

The development of artificial visual systems that mimic biological systems requires devices
that can autonomously adapt their response to varying stimuli. However, emulating …

Understanding the circuit mechanisms of the visual code for natural scenes is a central goal
of sensory neuroscience. We show that a three-layer network model predicts retinal natural …

A central challenge in sensory neuroscience is to understand neural computations and
circuit mechanisms that underlie the encoding of ethologically relevant, natural stimuli. In …

Biological networks have so many possible states that exhaustive sampling is impossible.
Successful analysis thus depends on simplifying hypotheses, but experiments on many …

We propose a formal Bayesian definition of surprise to capture subjective aspects of sensory
information. Surprise measures how data affects an observer, in terms of differences …

It is important for animals to estimate the value of rewards as accurately as possible.
Because the number of potential reward values is very large, it is necessary that the brain's …

This comprehensively updated and expanded revision of the successful second edition
continues to provide detailed coverage of the ever-growing range of research topics in …

We rely on our visual system to cope with the vast barrage of incoming light patterns and to
extract features from the scene that are relevant to our well-being. The necessary reduction …