Macrophages are a diverse set of cells present in all body compartments. This diversity is
imprinted by their ontogenetic origin (embryonal versus adult bone marrow–derived cells); …

The concept of an alternative pathway of macrophage activation has stimulated interest in its
definition, mechanism, and functional significance in homeostasis and disease. We assess …

Macrophages become activated initiating innate immune responses. Depending on the
signals, macrophages obtain an array of activation phenotypes, described by the broad …

Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange,
respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of …

Mammalian microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been identified as important regulators of
gene expression, and they function by repressing specific target genes at the post …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of haematopoietic cell fate
decisions. They act by negatively regulating the expression of key immune development …

Macrophages respond to microbial ligands and various noxious cues by initiating an
inflammatory response aimed at eliminating the original pathogenic insult. Transition of …

Background Within the last few years, it has become evident that LPS-preconditioned
mesenchymal stromal cells (LPS pre-MSCs) show enhanced paracrine effects, including …

Monocytes/macrophages are heterogeneous and versatile cells that could undergo their
phenotypically/functionally dynamic switch in response to the microenvironment signals …

The mammalian inflammatory response is a rapid and complex physiological reaction to
noxious stimuli including microbial pathogens. Although inflammation plays a valuable role …