Aims Cannabis and tobacco use and misuse frequently co‐occur. This review examines the
epidemiological evidence supporting the life‐time co‐occurrence of cannabis and tobacco …

This paper reviews theoretical and methodological issues in the measurement of drug
craving, with an emphasis on self‐report assessment. Despite the important role that craving …

The recent focus on drug abuse in women has brought attention to numerous differences
between women and men. In this review, we discuss both preclinical and clinical findings of …

Women may be at relatively greater risk of smoking-related diseases than men but tend to
have less success than men in quitting smoking. The failure of most outcome studies to …

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to increase understanding of the brain mechanisms
involved in cigarette addiction by identifying neural substrates modulated by visual smoking …

Craving to smoke is often conceptualized and measured as a tonic, slowly changing state
induced by abstinence. In this article, we review the literature on the existence, causes, and …

When exposed to the sights, sounds, smells and/or places that have been associated with
rewards, such as food or drugs, some individuals have difficulty resisting the temptation to …

BACKGROUND: Converging evidence from several theories of the development of incentive-
sensitization to smoking-related environmental stimuli suggests that the ventral striatum …

This unique clinical handbook offers the knowledge, skills, and materials needed to help all
types of smokers, even the most hard-core, successfully quit. Provided are assessment tools …

Clinical and preclinical research have identified sex differences in substance use and
addiction-related behaviors. Historically, substance use disorders are more prevalent in men …