The development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a new era in cancer
treatment, enabling the possibility of long-term survival in patients with metastatic disease …

Cytokines are critical in regulating immune responses and cellular behavior, playing dual
roles in both normal physiology and the pathology of diseases such as cancer. These …

Checkpoint blockade with antibodies specific for the PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitory receptors
can induce durable responses in a wide range of human cancers. However, the …

During the past decade, immunotherapies have made a major impact on the treatment of
diverse types of cancer. Inflammatory toxicities are not only a major concern for Food and …

The enhancement of immune responses upon treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors
can have the desired outcome of reinvigorating antitumour immune surveillance, but often at …

Predicting the toxicity of cancer immunotherapies preclinically is challenging because
models of tumours and healthy organs do not typically fully recapitulate the expression of …

Background & Aims Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment
landscape for oncology, leading to durable remissions in a subset of patients, but also a …

Despite revolutionizing cancer management, immunotherapies dysregulate the immune
system, leading to immune-mediated adverse events. These common and potentially …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as one of the innovative types of immunotherapies,
including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block inhibitory molecules, such as cytotoxic T-
lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or its …