Evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems: a burst of class 2 and derived variants
The number and diversity of known CRISPR–Cas systems have substantially increased in
recent years. Here, we provide an updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas …
recent years. Here, we provide an updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas …
The new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9
Background Technologies for making and manipulating DNA have enabled advances in
biology ever since the discovery of the DNA double helix. But introducing site-specific …
biology ever since the discovery of the DNA double helix. But introducing site-specific …
An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems
KS Makarova, YI Wolf, OS Alkhnbashi… - Nature reviews …, 2015 - nature.com
The evolution of CRISPR–cas loci, which encode adaptive immune systems in archaea and
bacteria, involves rapid changes, in particular numerous rearrangements of the locus …
bacteria, involves rapid changes, in particular numerous rearrangements of the locus …
Diversity, classification and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems
Highlights•Two classes of CRISPR-Cas systems differ by the architectures of effector
modules.•Effectors of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are large, multidomain proteins.•Effector …
modules.•Effectors of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are large, multidomain proteins.•Effector …
A programmable dual-RNA–guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated
(Cas) systems provide bacteria and archaea with adaptive immunity against viruses and …
(Cas) systems provide bacteria and archaea with adaptive immunity against viruses and …
RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems
Here we use the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–
associated Cas9 endonuclease complexed with dual-RNAs to introduce precise mutations …
associated Cas9 endonuclease complexed with dual-RNAs to introduce precise mutations …
[HTML][HTML] Discovery and functional characterization of diverse class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems
Microbial CRISPR-Cas systems are divided into Class 1, with multisubunit effector
complexes, and Class 2, with single protein effectors. Currently, only two Class 2 effectors …
complexes, and Class 2, with single protein effectors. Currently, only two Class 2 effectors …
Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems
Class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single
multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the …
multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the …
[HTML][HTML] Development and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for genome engineering
Recent advances in genome engineering technologies based on the CRISPR-associated
RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 are enabling the systematic interrogation of mammalian …
RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 are enabling the systematic interrogation of mammalian …
[HTML][HTML] Biology and applications of CRISPR systems: harnessing nature's toolbox for genome engineering
Bacteria and archaea possess a range of defense mechanisms to combat plasmids and viral
infections. Unique among these are the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short …
infections. Unique among these are the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short …