BACKGROUND Anthropogenic climate change is altering the structure and functioning of
ecosystems globally. The upper layers of the oceans have absorbed> 90% of the excess …

Global biodiversity loss and mass extinction of species are two of the most critical
environmental issues the world is currently facing, resulting in the disruption of various …

Climate tip** points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-
perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts …

Coral reefs worldwide are facing impacts from climate change, overfishing, habitat
destruction, and pollution. The cumulative effect of these impacts on global capacity of coral …

Coral reefs are losing the capacity to sustain their biological functions. In addition to other
well-known stressors, such as climatic change and overfishing, plastic pollution is an …

We are part of Nature, not separate from it. We rely on Nature to provide us with food, water
and shelter; regulate our climate and disease; maintain nutrient cycles and oxygen …

Abstract Small Island Develo** States (SIDS) have long been recognized as some of the
planet's most vulnerable areas to climate change, notably to rising sea levels and coastal …

Aim Macroalgal habitats are believed to be the most extensive and productive of all coastal
vegetated ecosystems. In stark contrast to the growing attention on their contribution to …

Abstract Sustainable Development Goal 14 of the United Nations aims to “conserve and
sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development” …

Ocean warming and acidification threaten the future growth of coral reefs. This is because
the calcifying coral reef taxa that construct the calcium carbonate frameworks and cement …