Artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) have shown tremendous potential in
driving sustainability across various sectors. This paper reviews recent advancements in AI …

Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated many low-and middle-income countries, causing
widespread food insecurity and a sharp decline in living standards. In response to this crisis …

Despite numerous journalistic accounts, systematic quantitative evidence on economic
conditions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic remains scarce for most low-and middle …

Accurate and comprehensive measurements of economic well-being are fundamental inputs
into both research and policy, but such measures are unavailable at a local level in many …

The application of machine learning (ML) in a range of geospatial tasks is increasingly
common but often relies on globally available covariates such as satellite imagery that can …

Distribution shifts—where the training distribution differs from the test distribution—can
substantially degrade the accuracy of machine learning (ML) systems deployed in the wild …

Abstract The17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations
Agenda 2030 constitute a global blueprint agenda and instrument for peace and prosperity …

Well-being is an important value for people's lives, and it could be considered as an index of
societal progress. Researchers have suggested two main approaches for the overall …

Many critical policy decisions, from strategic investments to the allocation of humanitarian
aid, rely on data about the geographic distribution of wealth and poverty. Yet many poverty …