Radio frequency (RF) spectrum is highly occupied and adding further broadband channels
to fulfill the exiting user requirements has become difficult. Optical free-space …

Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself capable of
delivering high-speed data services over long distances without exhausting radio frequency …

This paper explores the evolution of wireless communication networks from utilizing the sub-
6 GHz spectrum and the millimeter wave frequency band to incorporating extremely high …

In order to meet the demands of diverse services within sixth-generation networks across a
range of industries, numerous approaches are being employed to address notable signal …

This article characterizes the performance of mixed free-space optical (FSO)/active
intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) …

This paper proposes a novel relay-based mixed free space optical-radio frequency (FSO-
RF) communication system utilizing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to assist two …

An intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) enhances the performance of a wireless channel by
controlling the phase of signals reflected by them. This paper investigates an IRS-aided …

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an enabling solution to enhance the wireless
communication system performance by smartly tunning the signal reflection via a large …

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a recently emerged promising technology for
beyond-5G (B5G)/6G wireless networks. In this letter, we propose to employ a signal space …

To harness the benefits of intelligent reflecting surfaces, relaying technologies, multiple-
input--multiple-output (MIMO), and energy harvesting, this work investigates the …