Seismological models of upper-mantle structure are providing new constraints on the
physical and chemical properties that differentiate the lithosphere from the asthenosphere. A …

The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of the art in seismic
tomography, and trace its origins from pioneering work in the early 1970s to its present …

A recent global compilation of the thermal structure of subduction zones is used to predict
the metamorphic facies and H2O content of downgoing slabs. Our calculations indicate that …

Torsional forced oscillation data for a newly prepared specimen of dry, melt-free
polycrystalline Fo90 olivine of 3.1 μm average grainsize have been used to reassess …

Various methods for inferring the water distribution in Earth's mantle are reviewed including
geochemical and geophysical methods. The geochemical approach using the water …

Various models of the origin of the asthenosphere are reviewed based on the latest
observations on mineral physics of mechanical properties, melting relationships and the …

Lateral variations of seismic wave speeds and attenuation (dissipation of strain energy) in
the Earth's upper mantle have the potential to map key characteristics such as temperature …

The stable continents have a puzzling structure. Recent seismological studies have
revealed a marked drop in seismic velocity at middle-lithosphere depths, but a generally …

Seismic waves have long been known to attenuate at a rate greater than that predicted by
geometric spreading of their wave fronts. Knopoff (1964) pointed out more than four decades …

Synthetic hydroxylated titanium-bearing and undoped MgO-buffered forsterite crystals were
heated at atmospheric pressure in air at temperatures from 800 to 1200° C to determine …