Our planet is changing at paces never observed before. Species extinction is happening at
faster rates than ever, greatly exceeding the five mass extinctions in the fossil record …

Many introduced plant species rely on mutualisms in their new habitats to overcome barriers
to establishment and to become naturalized and, in some cases, invasive. Mutualisms …

Ecosystem services are natural processes that benefit humans. Birds contribute the four
types of services recognized by the UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment—provisioning …

Patterns of connectance and strength of mutual dependence in mutualisms have been
examined by comparing the fraction of possible pairwise interactions established in a series …

A total of 34 floral visitors of Lavandula latifolia (Labiatae) at a southern Spanish locality
were examined from the perspective of their" quality" as pollinators. I considered frequency …

▪ Abstract Mistletoes are a diverse group of parasitic plants with a worldwide distribution. The
hemiparasitic growth form is critical to understanding their biology, buffering variation in …

Seed dispersal can be advantageous (1) in escape from density-or distance-dependent
seed and seedling mortality,(2) by colonization of suitable sites unpredictable in space and …

Fleshy fruits have evolved multiple times and display a tremendous diversity of colours,
shapes, aromas and textures. For over a century this was attributed, at least in part, to …

Variation in time (annual and seasonal) and space (between-and within-population) is
examined for the pollinator assemblage of Lavandula latifolia (Labiatae), an insect …

We discuss seven hypotheses to explain the adaptive significance of secondary metabolites
in ripe fleshy fruits and their implications for seed dispersal. These hypotheses are the …