Animal personality and behavioral syndromes can have profound effects on individual
fitness. Consequently, there is growing recognition that knowledge of these phenomena …

The spatial distribution of organisms in patchy environments can be determined by the
relationship between habitat quality and animal behaviour. In species with complex life …

Classical research on animal toxicity has focused on the role of toxins in protection against
predators, but recent studies suggest these same compounds can offer a powerful defense …

Amphibians host diverse skin bacteria that have a role in pathogen defense, but these skin
communities could change over time and impact this function. Here, we monitored individual …

Introduction Urban areas are challenging environments for wetland species with complex
habitat requirements and life cycles. However, even semiaquatic species, representing such …

Abstract Theory suggests that the evolution of sexual dimorphism in ecologically relevant
traits can evolve purely through competition between the sexes for a shared resource …

Hormones play key, functional roles in mediating the tradeoff between survival and
reproduction. Glucocorticoid hormones can inhibit reproduction and improve chances of …

Understanding the forces that shape vertebrate gut microbial community assembly and
composition throughout development is a major focus of the microbiome field. Here, we …

Pithecopus rusticus is a small and charismatic leaf frog species known only from the type
locality, in the Brazilian Subtropical Highland Grasslands of the Atlantic Forest, southern …

Competition among males can be a decisive factor for successful mating in anuran
explosive breeders with a male-biased population sex ratio. The Yungas Red-belly Toad …