Forest microclimates contrast strongly with the climate outside forests. To fully understand
and better predict how forests' biodiversity and functions relate to climate and climate …

Ecological research heavily relies on coarse‐gridded climate data based on standardized
temperature measurements recorded at 2 m height in open landscapes. However, many …

Fragmentation transforms the environment along forest edges. The prevailing narrative,
driven by research in tropical systems, suggests that edge environments increase tree …

Global forest cover is heavily fragmented. Due to high edge-to-surface ratios in small forest
patches, a large proportion of forests is affected by edge influences involving steep …

Forest biodiversity and ecosystem services are hitherto predominantly quantified in forest
interiors, well away from edges. However, these edges also represent a substantial …

Forest biodiversity world‐wide is affected by climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation,
and today 20% of the forest area is located within 100 m of a forest edge. Still, forest edges …

Habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation impacts are the most direct threat to global
biodiversity. In this Primer, we discuss how these three forms of habitat transformation are …

As urbanization and forest fragmentation increase around the globe, it is critical to
understand how rates of respiration and carbon losses from soil carbon pools are affected …

China has led global greening processes over recent decades, however, a series of
negative impacts have inevitably emerged in some areas, especially on the Loess Plateau …

Temperate forests are the most fragmented forest biome, yet current understanding of
fragmentation effects on ecosystem processes, such as carbon (C) cycling, is rooted in …