The Wnt signal transduction pathway has essential roles in the formation of the primary body
axis during development, cellular differentiation and tissue homeostasis. This animal …

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt
ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via …

BACKGROUND In adult mammalian organisms, multiple tissues—including the skin, blood,
stomach, and intestines—are entrapped in a state of permanent regeneration; older cells are …

The WNT signal transduction cascade controls myriad biological phenomena throughout
development and adult life of all animals. In parallel, aberrant Wnt signaling underlies a …

Chronic organ injury leads to fibrosis and eventually organ failure. Fibrosis is characterized
by excessive synthesis, remodeling, and contraction of extracellular matrix produced by …

β‐Catenin (Armadillo in Drosophila) is a multitasking and evolutionary conserved molecule
that in metazoans exerts a crucial role in a multitude of developmental and homeostatic …

The C. elegans insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway connects nutrient levels to metabolism,
growth, development, longevity, and behavior. This fundamental pathway is regulated by …

Regeneration is one of the great mysteries of biology. Planarians are flatworms capable of
dramatic feats of regeneration, which have been studied for over 2 centuries. Recent …

There were multiple prerequisites to the evolution of multicellular animal life, including the
generation of multiple cell fates (" cellular diversity") and their patterned spatial arrangement …

Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are clonal populations derived from preimplantation
mouse embryos that can be propagated in vitro and, when placed into blastocysts …