Almost 60 years have passed since the initial discovery by Hubel and Wiesel that changes
in neuronal activity can elicit developmental rewiring of the central nervous system (CNS) …

Abstract Caspase‐3, a cysteine‐aspartic acid protease, has recently attracted much
attention because of its incredible roles in tissue differentiation, regeneration, and neural …

The human brain consumes 20% of the total basal oxygen (O 2) budget to support ATP
intensive neuronal activity. Without sufficient O 2 to support ATP demands, neuronal activity …

Caspases are proteases with a well-defined role in apoptosis. However, increasing
evidence indicates multiple functions of caspases outside apoptosis. Caspase-1 and …

Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is often required for activation of
the caspase proteases that cause apoptotic cell death. Various intermembrane space (IMS) …

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a fundamental role in animal development and tissue
homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of this process is associated with a wide variety of human …

The collapse of neural networks important for memory and cognition, including death of
neurons and degeneration of synapses, causes the debilitating dementia associated with …

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-
methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of …

Activated caspases are a hallmark of apoptosis induced by the intrinsic pathway, but they
are dispensable for cell death and the apoptotic clearance of cells in vivo. This has led to the …

An unexpected role for the classical complement cascade in the elimination of central
nervous system (CNS) synapses has recently been discovered. Complement proteins are …