Spark ignition gasoline vehicles comprise most light duty vehicles worldwide. These
vehicles were not historically associated with PM emissions. This changed about 15 years …

This works aims to provide an understanding on basic chemical kinetics pertaining to three-
way catalytic (TWC) converters from an educational perspective, aimed at those novel …

The cold-start condition is an important factor affecting vehicle emissions from gasoline
direct injection (GDI) and port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles. This paper studied the recent …

An experimental study has been conducted to provide a characterization of the
transformations that particle size distributions and the number density of soot particles can …

Better understanding of combustion and formation of exhaust gas pollutants of fuels is
needed in order to meet stringent regulation standards of a diesel engine. The cetane …

Global warming and climate change have led to a greater interest in the implementation of
biofuels in internal combustion engines. In spark ignited engines, biofuels have been shown …

Gasoline direct injection engines have become the popular powertrain for commercial cars
in the market. The technology is known for its characteristics of high power output, thermal …

In this study, the particle formation and reduction characteristics at the engine-out position,
after a three-way catalyst (TWC) and a metal foam gasoline particulate filter (GPF), were …

The particulate matter emitted from a turbocharged, four cylinder, wall-guided, gasoline
direct injection (GDI) engine fuelled with gasoline and ethanol blends was investigated, and …

The influence of the exhaust gas turbocharger on nano-scale Particulate Matter (PM)
number emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injected (GDI) engine is investigated at fixed …