Hypersaline environments with salt concentrations up to NaCl saturation are inhabited by a
great diversity of microorganisms belonging to the three domains of life. They all must cope …

The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living
cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast …

Practical experiments drive important scientific discoveries in biology, but theory‐based
research studies also contribute novel—sometimes paradigm‐changing—findings. Here, we …

Sugar alcohols are polyols that are widely employed in the production of chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, and food products. Chemical synthesis of polyols, however, is complex …

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae responds to osmotic stress, ie, an increase in
osmolality of the growth medium, by enhanced production and intracellular accumulation of …

SUMMARY A cascade of three protein kinases known as a mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) cascade is commonly found as part of the signaling pathways in eukaryotic cells …

Microbial production of glycerol has been known for 150 years, and glycerol was produced
commercially during World War I. Glycerol production by microbial synthesis subsequently …

During brewery handling, production strains of yeast must respond to fluctuations in
dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, osmolarity, ethanol concentration, nutrient supply and …

An interesting observation, reported for transgenic plants that have been engineered to
overproduce osmolytes, is that they often exhibit impaired growth in the absence of stress …

The two homologous genes GPD1 and GPD2 encode the isoenzymes of NAD‐dependent
glycerol 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previous …