The cognitive dimensions framework is a broad-brush evaluation technique for interactive
devices and for non-interactive notations. It sets out a small vocabulary of terms designed to …

This report reviews and organizes research about novice programmers. Over the past two
decades, many aspects of novice programming have been investigated, resulting in the …

Software visualisation is nifty stuff; but is it the powerful cognitive tool it is often assumed to
be? This chapter attempts to moderate the understandable enthusiasm for software …

A programming system is the user interface between the programmer and the computer.
Programming is a notoriously difficult activity, and some of this difficulty can be attributed to …

In this paper we describe an approach for semi-automatic agent development. We focus on
the scenario in which agents are designed to follow an electronic institution, a formalism to …

It is commonly accepted that non-logicians have difficulty in expressing themselves in first-
order logic. Part of the visual language community is concerned with providing visual …

Prototy** is a valuable technique to help software engineers explore the design space
while gaining insight on the dynamics of the system. In this paper, we describe a method for …

We propose an opportunistic approach for performing program analysis and optimisation:
opportunities for improving a logic program are systematically attempted, either by …

Slicing is a technique for automatically obtaining subparts of a program with a collective
meaning. When the slicing takes into account the actual execution of the program, it is said …

Slicing is a process for automatically obtaining subparts of a program responsible for
specific computations. It has been employed within conventional procedural programming to …