Bioinks are formulations of biomaterials and living cells, sometimes with growth factors or
other biomolecules, while extrusion bioprinting is an emerging technique to apply or deposit …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting fabricates 3D functional tissues/organs by
accurately depositing the bioink composed of the biological materials and living cells. Even …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan widely distributed in the human body,
especially in body fluids and the extracellular matrix of tissues. It plays a crucial role not only …

Abstract 3D bioprinting technology can rapidly process cell-loaded biomaterials to prepare
personalized scaffolds for repairing defective tissues, tissue regeneration, and even printing …

Abstract 3D printing alias additive manufacturing can transform 3D virtual models created by
computer-aided design (CAD) into physical 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner …

Escalating cases of organ shortage and donor scarcity worldwide are alarming reminders of
the need for alternatives to allograft tissues. Within the last three decades, research efforts in …

Treating large bone defects, known as critical-sized defects (CSDs), is challenging because
they are not spontaneously healed by the patient's body. Due to the limitations associated …

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting has recently advanced as an important tool to
produce viable constructs that can be used for regenerative purposes or as tissue models …

Bioprinting is an emerging approach for fabricating cell‐laden 3D scaffolds via robotic
deposition of cells and biomaterials into custom shapes and patterns to replicate complex …

Hydrogel plays a vital role in cell-laden three dimensional (3D) bioprinting, whereas those
hydrogels mimic the physical and biochemical characteristics of native extracellular matrix …