Flavonoids are plant specialized metabolites that consist of one oxygenated and two
aromatic rings. Different flavonoids are grouped according to the oxidation degree of the …

Plants use photoreceptor proteins to detect the proximity of other plants and to activate
adaptive responses. Of these photoreceptors, phytochrome B (phyB), which is sensitive to …

Light-emitting diode (LED) technology has rapidly advanced the past years and it is
nowadays irrevocably linked with controlled-environment agriculture (CEA). We provide …

Background Agricultural production in controlled indoor farming offers a reliable alternative
to food and nutrition supply for densely populated cities and contributes to addressing the …

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is an intrinsic fraction of sunlight that plants perceive through
the UVR8 photoreceptor. UVR8 is a homodimer in its ground state that monomerizes upon …

Abstract Ultraviolet-A radiation (UV-A: 315–400 nm) is a component of solar radiation that
exerts a wide range of physiological responses in plants. Currently, field attenuation …

Precise allocation of limited resources between growth and defense is critical for plant
survival. In shade-intolerant species, perception of competition signals by informational …

Light plays an important role in plants' growth and development throughout their life cycle.
Plants alter their morphological features in response to light cues of varying intensity and …

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation directly affects plants and microorganisms, but also alters the
species-specific interactions between them. The distinct bands of UV radiation, UV-A, UV-B …

The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) is one of three Panels of experts that
inform the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. The EEAP focuses on the effects of UV radiation …