The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

Preventing and controlling influenza virus infection remains a global public health
challenge, as it causes seasonal epidemics to unexpected pandemics. These infections are …

Influenza viruses replicate within the nucleus of the host cell. This uncommon RNA virus trait
provides influenza with the advantage of access to the nuclear machinery during replication …

Mechanistic hypotheses about airborne infectious disease transmission have traditionally
emphasized the role of coughing and sneezing, which are dramatic expiratory events that …

Influenza viruses are still a serious threat to human health. Cytokines are essential for cell-to-
cell communication and viral clearance in the immune system, but excessive cytokines can …

Virtually all cells in the organism secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous
population of lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicles that transport and deliver payloads …

Membrane lipids interact with proteins in a variety of ways, ranging from providing a stable
membrane environment for proteins to being embedded in to detailed roles in complicated …

Interactions between respiratory viruses during infection affect transmission dynamics and
clinical outcomes. To identify and characterize virus–virus interactions at the cellular level …

Knowing the physicochemical properties of exhaled droplets and aerosol particles is a
prerequisite for a detailed mechanistic understanding and effective prevention of the …

Several systems-level datasets designed to dissect host-pathogen interactions during
influenza A infection have been reported. However, apparent discordance among these …