Here we provide a review of the animal and human literature concerning the role of the
amygdala in fear conditioning, considering its potential influence over autonomic and …

Data will be reviewed using the acoustic startle reflex in rats and humans based on our
attempts to operationally define fear vs anxiety. Although the symptoms of fear and anxiety …

Sah, P., ESL Faber, M. Lopez de Armentia, and J. Power. The Amygdaloid Complex:
Anatomy and Physiology. Physiol Rev 83: 803–834, 2003; 10.1152/physrev. 00002.2003 …

The medial prefrontal cortex has been associated with diverse functions including
attentional processes, visceromotor activity, decision‐making, goal‐directed behavior, and …

The nucleus accumbens is a major input structure of the basal ganglia and integrates
information from cortical and limbic structures to mediate goal-directed behaviors. Chronic …

AbstractAmygdala'andamygdalar complex'are terms that now refer to a highly differentiated
region near the temporal pole of the mammalian cerebral hemisphere. Cell groups within it …

Joshua D. Berke* § and Steven E. Hyman*†‡* Section on Molecular Plasticity National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke locomotor activity. Psychostimulants also tend …

Many of the brain's reward systems converge on the nucleus accumbens, a region richly
innervated by excitatory, inhibitory, and modulatory afferents representing the circuitry …

Our understanding of the organization of the basal ganglia has advanced markedly over the
last 10 years, mainly due to increased knowledge of their anatomical, neurochemical and …

Basolateral amygdala (BLA) principal cells are capable of driving and antagonizing
behaviors of opposing valence. BLA neurons project to the central amygdala (CeA), which …