Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease influenced by both
genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. The discovery of new gene polymorphisms …

The aim is better to understand and critically explore and present the available data from
observational studies on the pathogenetic role of the microbiome in the development of …

A singular pathogen has been killing animals, contaminating food and causing an array of
human diseases. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the cause of …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by
chronic erosive polyarthritis. A complex interaction between a favorable genetic background …

Global increase in diabetes (DM) prevalence necessitated the need to establish the
association between DM and environmental triggers including MAP (Mycobacterium avium …

Background/Objective: Chronic humoral immune response against multiple microbial
antigens may play a crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We …

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is an understudied pathogen
worldwide with continuous implications in human autoimmune diseases (ADs). The …

This article prosecutes a case against the zoonotic pathogen Mycobacterium avium ss.
paratuberculosis (MAP) as a precipitant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Like the other major …

Johne's disease (JD) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disease affecting ruminants, which
causes crucial economical losses globally. This ailment is caused by Mycobacterium avium …

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland that can cause
hypothyroidism. As HT is a multifactorial disorder, activation of immune responses in …