Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts that, by definition, are
not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have emerged as important …

The discovery of microRNAs and their role in diseases was a breakthrough that inspired
research into microRNAs as drug targets. Cardiovascular diseases are an area in which …

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) plays a critical role in the regulation of cell growth
and in the response to energy state changes. Drugs inhibiting MTOR are increasingly used …

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

The first therapeutic nucleic acid, a DNA oligonucleotide, was approved for clinical use in
1998. Twenty years later, in 2018, the first therapeutic RNA-based oligonucleotide was …

Long noncoding RNA s (lnc RNA s) are RNA s longer than 200 nt in length that are
characterized by low levels of sequence conservation and expression; lnc RNA s modulate …

The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis proposes that transcripts with
shared microRNA (miRNA) binding sites compete for post-transcriptional control. This …

Ischemic cell death during a myocardial infarction leads to a multiphase reparative response
in which the damaged tissue is replaced with a fibrotic scar produced by fibroblasts and …

Major differences between men and women exist in epidemiology, manifestation,
pathophysiology, treatment, and outcome of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as …

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer. They are involved in
chromatin remodeling, as well as transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, through …