Background It has been about 30 years since the first health literacy instrument was
developed. This study aimed to review all existing instruments to summarize the current …

Background Shared decision making requires evidence to be conveyed to the patient in a
way they can easily understand and compare. Patient decision aids facilitate this process …

Background Effective risk communication is essential for informed decision making.
Unfortunately, many people struggle to understand typical risk communications because …

We introduce the Berlin Numeracy Test, a new psychometrically sound instrument that
quickly assesses statistical numeracy and risk literacy. We present 21 studies (n= 5336) …

Background Making evidence-based decisions often requires comparison of two or more
options. Research-based evidence may exist which quantifies how likely the outcomes are …

We review the growing literature on health numeracy, the ability to understand and use
numerical information, and its relation to cognition, health behaviors, and medical outcomes …

Research has demonstrated that individual differences in numeracy may have important
consequences for decision making. In the present paper, we develop a shorter …

The onus on the average person is greater than ever before to make sense of large amounts
of readily accessible quantitative information, but the ability and confidence to do so are …

The gamble has been to decision research what the fruit fly has been to biology–a vehicle
for examining fundamental processes with presumably important implications outside the …

Background. Basic numeracy skills are necessary before patients can understand the risks
of medical treatments. Previous research has used objective measures, similar to …